Living Library

The report evaluates Mozambique’s agricultural productivity growth, market access, and policy framework to improve food security. Conducted under the Food Security III LWA initiative, the study highlights key interventions, including technology adoption, infrastructure development, and government policy impacts on agricultural value chains. The findings reveal persistent challenges in productivity, limited access to quality inputs, and the need for improved market integration

In August 2023, GreenLight Africa conducted a farmer survey in partnership with Sociedade Algodoeira do Niassa João Ferreira dos Santos (SAN-JFS), Mozambique’s oldest cotton processor and exporter. The survey aimed to assess cotton production techniques, farmer satisfaction, socioeconomic conditions, and agricultural trends. Data was collected from 486 farmers across 18 local markets in Cuamba district, Niassa Province. The findings provide valuable insights into rural liveli

Mozambique faces significant challenges in municipal solid waste (MSW) management, with low collection rates, poor disposal practices, and limited recycling initiatives. The country’s waste infrastructure remains underdeveloped, particularly in peri-urban and rural areas, leading to severe environmental and public health risks. Despite these challenges, Mozambique has opportunities to implement integrated resource management strategies, focusing on waste recovery, recycling,

The 2023 World Economic Forum (WEF) Report, in collaboration with Boston Consulting Group (BCG), explores how businesses can scale sustainable products and services to drive green market growth. With climate action falling short of global targets, companies must take proactive leadership in developing low-carbon solutions. The report highlights how corporate strategies, government policies, and consumer demand can align to create large-scale green markets, emphasizing the eco

The Mozambique Climate Resilience Program (MCRP) was launched in 2016 to address climate vulnerability in Mozambique’s cotton-growing regions, where 73% of the population relies on agriculture for income. Implemented through public-private partnerships, the program focuses on water and land management, alternative livelihoods, and sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate the risks posed by climate change, droughts, and floods. Over its four-year implementation, MCRP has

The 4th Statistical Bulletin on Social Protection (2021) provides a comprehensive analysis of Mozambique's social protection system, covering both contributory and non-contributory schemes. The report highlights coverage expansion, financial expenditures, and the adequacy of benefits, while also identifying key gaps in the system. Mozambique’s social security framework is divided into Mandatory Social Security (SSO) for formal workers and Basic Social Security (SSB) for vulne

The Regenagri Standard Criteria v3.3 and the Regenagri Theory of Change present a comprehensive strategy for transforming global agriculture through regenerative practices that prioritize soil health, biodiversity, and climate resilience. Regenagri’s framework applies to individual farms, cooperatives, and agribusinesses, ensuring that sustainable principles are integrated across the supply chain. By promoting regenerative soil practices, responsible labor policies, and trans

The CAR-iSMa (Climate Adaptation and Resilience – Improved Soil Management) Project is a pan-African initiative focusing on sustainable soil management in Côte d’Ivoire, Mozambique, and Zambia. The project aims to enhance climate resilience, improve agricultural productivity, and strengthen knowledge exchange among smallholder cotton farmers. In 2023, CAR-iSMa focused on farmer training, soil assessment, and regenerative agricultural practices, supporting the Cotton made in A

The 2023 Cotton Made in Africa (CmiA) Annual Report highlights the initiative’s efforts to promote sustainable cotton farming, improve farmer livelihoods, and increase environmental resilience across African cotton-producing regions. Through training programs, community engagement, and technological innovations, CmiA continues to shape global textile supply chains while addressing critical social, economic, and environmental challenges. The report also details the progress of

Mozambique’s agriculture sector is the backbone of the economy, employing 80% of the population and contributing 25% of GDP. However, low productivity, poor infrastructure, and climate shocks have limited its potential. The agricultural input market, including seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, remains underdeveloped, with only 5% of small-scale farmers using improved seeds and 4-5% applying fertilizers. The country is highly dependent on imported agricultural inputs, leadin

Mozambique continues to struggle with deep-rooted political and economic challenges, despite signs of economic recovery. The FRELIMO government remains dominant, with limited space for political opposition and increasing concerns over democratic backsliding. The municipal elections in 2023 and the presidential, parliamentary, and district elections in 2024 mark a crucial political transition, but a lack of transparency and institutional independence raises doubts about the cr

Mozambique has made significant progress in poverty reduction over the past two decades, with economic growth and improved household welfare lifting millions out of extreme poverty. However, from 2015 to 2020, this progress was severely reversed due to a series of economic and environmental shocks. The hidden debt crisis of 2016, combined with severe natural disasters (Cyclones Idai and Kenneth in 2019) and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, pushed the poverty rate from 48.4% in

The 2023 ICAC Cotton Subsidies Report highlights the significant impact of government assistance on the global cotton industry, emphasizing how subsidies influence cotton production, trade, and pricing. Since 1997/98, ICAC has monitored and reported on subsidies affecting cotton markets, revealing a consistent negative correlation between subsidies and cotton prices—when prices drop, subsidies increase to support farmers. In 2022/23, global cotton subsidies reached $8 billion

Mozambique faces significant gender disparities that hinder women and girls from fully participating in economic, social, and political life. Structural barriers such as high rates of adolescent pregnancy, child marriage, gender-based violence (GBV), and limited access to education and economic opportunities continue to widen the gender gap. Despite high female labor force participation, women are concentrated in low-wage and informal jobs with restricted access to land, cred

Mozambique’s Forests: A Vital Resource Under Threat Mozambique is home to 32 million hectares of natural forests, covering 40% of the country’s land area. These forests, predominantly miombo woodlands, play a critical role in supporting rural communities by providing food, energy, medicine, and construction materials. The forest sector contributes significantly to the economy, generating an estimated $330 million USD in GDP and employing 22,000 people. Additionally, Mozambiqu

The GET.invest pre-feasibility assessment for Grupo JFS – Sociedade Algodoeira do Niassa JFS, SA explores the viability of implementing a solar photovoltaic (PV) system to reduce energy costs, enhance sustainability, and improve operational efficiency. Conducted with support from the European Union and Germany, the study focuses on replacing grid electricity and minimizing reliance on diesel generators through a 707 kWp grid-tied solar PV system. This initiative aligns with M

The Mozambique LNG project, a large-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) initiative in Cabo Delgado, is a major economic driver for Mozambique but also operates in a region deeply affected by conflict, poverty, and human rights challenges. This report evaluates the socioeconomic, humanitarian, and human rights impact of the project, focusing on its implications for local communities, security, and sustainable development. Key Findings 1. Conflict and Humanitarian Challenges Cabo

The International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) is a globally recognized sustainability certification system that ensures the traceability and sustainability of various feedstocks and products across diverse markets. Established to promote environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable production, ISCC covers all sustainable feedstocks, including agricultural and forestry biomass, biogenic wastes and residues, circular materials, and renewables. Key

The 2022 Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) for Mozambique outlines the urgent humanitarian needs of 1.5 million people, particularly in the northern provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula, and Niassa. Mozambique continues to face a complex crisis marked by armed conflict, displacement, climate-induced disasters, and economic instability. The plan focuses on three strategic priorities: saving lives through immediate aid, ensuring access to essential services, and addressing protect

Mozambique has made notable strides in advancing gender equality, particularly in political representation and legal frameworks promoting women’s rights. However, significant challenges persist in addressing gender-based violence, early marriage, adolescent pregnancy, and economic disparities. This fact sheet, based on UN Women’s 2024 data, highlights key findings on gender equality in Mozambique, emphasizing gaps in data collection and policy implementation. Key Findings 1.