Socioeconomic and Human Rights Impact in Cabo Delgado

The Mozambique LNG project, a large-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) initiative in Cabo Delgado, is a major economic driver for Mozambique but also operates in a region deeply affected by conflict, poverty, and human rights challenges. This report evaluates the socioeconomic, humanitarian, and human rights impact of the project, focusing on its implications for local communities, security, and sustainable development.

Key Findings

1. Conflict and Humanitarian Challenges

Cabo Delgado has been a hotspot for armed insurgency since 2017, with Islamist militants (Shebabs) linked to DAECH escalating violence, displacing thousands of civilians, and targeting infrastructure. The discovery of offshore gas reserves in the region has intensified tensions, as local populations feel excluded from economic benefits. While foreign military intervention (particularly Rwandan forces) has stabilized some areas, the humanitarian crisis persists, with many communities lacking basic services and fearing government security forces.

2. Socioeconomic Development and Resettlement Issues

The Mozambique LNG project, led by TotalEnergies and its consortium partners, has implemented various socioeconomic programs, including infrastructure projects, agricultural initiatives, and small business support. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding the resettlement of displaced communities due to the project’s land-use agreements (DUATs). Many affected families report delays in compensation, lack of clear communication, and difficulties accessing new agricultural land, leading to community tensions and economic hardship.

3. Governance, Human Rights, and Sustainability

The project has taken steps to improve community relations, but concerns persist about security agreements with Mozambican military forces (JTF) and the risk of human rights violations. Additionally, while programs such as solar energy installations, small-scale fisheries support, and reforestation initiatives aim to create long-term benefits, there is a need for better coordination with NGOs, local authorities, and international development agencies to ensure sustainable and inclusive economic growth.

The Mozambique LNG project represents a critical economic opportunity for Mozambique, yet it operates in a highly complex and fragile environment. Ensuring inclusive development, fair compensation, improved governance, and community engagement is crucial for long-term stability and sustainability. Addressing these challenges requires transparent policies, stronger human rights protections, and effective partnerships between corporations, local communities, and international stakeholders.

RESET Foundation is committed with the The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Mozambique LNG project are linked to several SDGs:

The SDG'sG's, also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and prosperity.