Determinants Study – Optimization of Cotton Productivity in Mozambique: Insights from the 2023/24 Growing Season
- Fundação RESET
- Mar 15
- 2 min read
Updated: Dec 5
Cotton is a vital cash crop for smallholder farmers in Mozambique, contributing significantly to rural economies. However, productivity remains below its potential due to factors such as pest infestations, poor soil conditions, and inconsistent agricultural practices. The 2023/24 Cotton Productivity Determinants Study, conducted in Cuamba in Niassa Province, aimed to identify and quantify the key factors influencing cotton production. The study provides evidence-based recommendations to improve productivity and reduce harvest losses.
Key Findings
1. Soil Quality and Crop Management
The study revealed that soil conditions play a critical role in determining cotton productivity. Analysis of soil samples collected across several locations showed low levels of organic matter and significant variations in phosphorus content—factors that directly affect plant growth. The study recommends implementing soil fertility management techniques, including crop rotation and organic matter enrichment, to improve yields. In addition, proper plant spacing and adherence to recommended planting densities were identified as essential factors in reducing productivity losses.
2. Pest Infestation and Productivity Losses
Pest infestations—particularly by the red bollworm (Diparopsis castanea) and the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)—were identified as major contributors to productivity loss. The study showed a 35.1% reduction in yield due to pest attacks during the crop’s reproductive phase. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies, including timely pesticide application and biological control methods, were recommended to mitigate these losses.
3. Impact of Climatic Conditions
The study found that irregular rainfall patterns and insufficient precipitation negatively affected cotton productivity. Recorded rainfall levels (192 mm) were significantly below the 650–700 mm required for optimal cotton growth. Drought-tolerant cotton varieties, such as CIMSAN2, performed better under dry conditions, underscoring the need for climate-resilient agricultural practices.
The 2023/24 Cotton Productivity Determinants Study reinforces the importance of soil health, pest management, and climate adaptation for improving cotton production in Mozambique. Addressing these challenges requires a combination of good agricultural practices, scientific research, and farmer capacity-building programs. Sustainable interventions—such as crop diversification, improved seed varieties, and strengthened pest-control strategies—will be essential to ensure the long-term growth and resilience of the cotton sector.
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The RESET Foundation is committed to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The 2023/24 Cotton Productivity Determinants Study is aligned with several SDGs:
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The SDGs, also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030.
